These videos will be difficult for you to follow, but try to get some ideas:
· uses of the gerund (verb + -ing)
Spelling rules for verb + -ing:
The 3 basic rules are:
1. infinitive form + -ing: be > being, go > going, send > sending, ...
2. mono-syllabic verbs (ending in consonant + vowel + consonant) double the final consonant + -ing: sit > sitting, get > getting, swim > swimming, ...
3. verbs ending in -e + -ing: have > having, live > living, write > writing, ...
In British English it is much more common to use a gerund after like, love and hate especially when you are speaking about general likes and dislikes. (However an infinitive can be used without any real difference in meaning.), e.g. I like travelling, but would like is followed by the infinitive, e.g. I would like to travel to Italy.
1. SOME VERBS (enjoy, finish, hate ...) + -ING / and PHRASAL VERBS + -ING
enjoy
I enjoy listening to music.
I don't enjoy seeing you like this.
-
-
finish
I finished getting dressed two hours ago. /
Have you finished getting dressed?
-
-
go on (=continue)
I have to go on working until 9 o'clock.
-
-
hate
He hates getting up early.
-
-
keep on
He's going to keep on studying French at university.
like
I like having lunch in the park.
-
-
love
I love waking up on a sunny day.
-
-
(don't) mind
My boyfriend doesn't mind cooking.
-
-
remember
Do you remember meeting him last year?
(= remember something after it happened)
remember to
Remember to buy the cake for her party.
(= remember to do something later)
spend (time)
He spends hours talking on the phone.
-
-
start + ing
(is more common when
we talk about a habit or
a longer activity)
Istarted readingTom Sawyer's book last week. I started working here in 1998. When did you start playing the piano? It started raining. (no difference in meaning)
start + to
He started to sing when the teacher was still talking. It started to rain. (no difference in meaning)
stop
Stop talking!
-
-
try
Why don't you try doing yoga?
(= experiment with something)
try to
I'm trying to find a job, but it's very hard with the crisis.
(=to attent to do or accomplish)
It is much more common to use a gerund after like, love, hate, ... in British English, especially when you are speaking about general likes and dislikes. However, an infinitive can often be used without any real difference in meaning.
2. When we use a veb as a noun: -ING
As the SUBJECT of a clause or sentence:
As the OBJECT of a clause or sentence:
Waking up on a sunny morning makes me feel good.
Smoking costs a lot of money.
Finding a good job is very difficult.
Watching TV helps me to relax at night.
Eating out can be expensive.
Readingbooks is important for learning vocabulary.
Verb Structures. Verbs followed by infinitive. Verbs followed by an object and an infinitive. Verbs followed by a gerund. Verbs followed by a preposition and a gerund.
· I don't mind (doing something) = it isn't a problem for me but it isn't something I especially like doing.
· I can't stand (doing something) = is an alternative to hate.
Table of Contents
1. GRAMMAR
These videos will be difficult for you to follow, but try to get some ideas:
· uses of the gerund (verb + -ing)
Spelling rules for verb + -ing:
The 3 basic rules are:
1. infinitive form + -ing: be > being, go > going, send > sending, ...
2. mono-syllabic verbs (ending in consonant + vowel + consonant) double the final consonant + -ing: sit > sitting, get > getting, swim > swimming, ...
3. verbs ending in -e + -ing: have > having, live > living, write > writing, ...
In British English it is much more common to use a gerund after like, love and hate especially when you are speaking about general likes and dislikes. (However an infinitive can be used without any real difference in meaning.), e.g. I like travelling, but would like is followed by the infinitive, e.g. I would like to travel to Italy.
1. SOME VERBS (enjoy, finish, hate ...) + -ING / and PHRASAL VERBS + -ING
I don't enjoy seeing you like this.
Have you finished getting dressed?
(= remember something after it happened)
(= remember to do something later)
(is more common when
we talk about a habit or
a longer activity)
I started working here in 1998.
When did you start playing the piano?
It started raining. (no difference in meaning)
It started to rain. (no difference in meaning)
(= experiment with something)
(=to attent to do or accomplish)
It is much more common to use a gerund after like, love, hate, ... in British English, especially when you are speaking about general likes and dislikes. However, an infinitive can often be used without any real difference in meaning.
2. When we use a veb as a noun: -ING
Do these activities:
· http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/infinitive-gerund/exercises?20
3. When we use a verb after preposition: + -ING
To or -ing:
Do the quiz:
Do the quiz:
2. VOCABULARY & SPEAKING
· I don't mind (doing something) = it isn't a problem for me but it isn't something I especially like doing.
· I can't stand (doing something) = is an alternative to hate.
like / dislike
Remember!
3. PRONUNCIATION
5. SONG
Don't Stop Me Now
Do the quiz:
.